Bone drilling plays a vital role in orthopedic surgery, dental implants, and even neurosurgery. Once the surgery is done, the drill is used to fix fractured bones. Further, the wire, nails, and plates are important in the entire procedure.
The right type of bone profiling drill helps to minimize the risk of damage and tissue irritation to the surroundings. That is why experts recommend a strong compression force (as recommended) on the drill for the implantation procedure.
Well, in this writeup, we will go through the effect of the bone profiling drill on dental procedures and implantation. Read on to know more!
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An Overview: Effects Of Bone Profiling Drills On Osseointegration
First of all, let’s have a look at the impact of bone profile drills on Osseointegration treatment.
Osseointegration improved the science of joint replacement techniques, medical bone, and dental implants.
According to studies, Osseointegration is a direct functional and structural connection between the load-bearing artificial implant surface and living bone. And this is defined in 1981 by Albrektsson et al.
However, Schroeder et al. define Osseointegration differently. According to him, it’s a “functional ankylosis,” where a new bone is laid down directly on the implant surface, and the implant exhibits mechanical stability.
Osseointegration is concerned with the optimal result. Many factors are responsible for the successful healing of implants. On the other side, heat generation in drills is the main factor that influences Osseointegration development.
A Study On The Bone Profiling Drills
It is a truth that bone tissues are considered susceptible to any kind of thermal injury. Also, the temperature threshold affects tissue survival when Osteotomy is 47 °C. The drilling should be maintained for approx 1 min or more.
However, excess heating may lead to failure in achieving Osseointegration. Well, at the time of dental surgery, the frictional heat generates. So, as a dental surgeon, you must take care of limited drilling speed and heat generation to reduce the significant risk of failed bone integration.
Well, when using a bone profiling drill, the entire process of drilling is connected with converting mechanical energy (wok) to thermal power. It induces a quick rise in delicate tissues and adjoining bone temperature beyond the normal physiological level.
The original thermal energy source is the sheer loss of friction as well as bone or plastic deformation at the machining face. Furthermore, the temperature rise is known for many aspects, comprising.
- Drill diameter and geometry
- Initial drill-bit temperature
- Rotational speed (rpm)
- Axial thrust force (N)
- Feed-rate (mm.s-1)
- Internal or external cooling
Increasing the temperature and speed of drilling may lead to bone necrosis, osteogenic potential impairment, and a phenomenon termed osteonecrosis. A Necrotic bone is resorbed via osteoclastic action. Eventually, it leads to catastrophic and dire outcomes for the rigidity of bone screws as well as pins.
Complications While Using Bone Profiling Drill
A dentist must be aware of a few complications with a bone profiling drill during treatments.
- If you are using drill-bits, then intraoperative complications are its breakage.
- Excessive heat generation damages bone tissues, so be careful.
- One more reason for concern is, albeit a rarely reported complication. It’s a host bone’s microfracture that is adjacent to the drilled defect. And a blunted drill tip may exacerbate this cause.
If you are using an implant multi-unit abutment drill for dental implantations, things go the same. It is highly recommended to use a premium quality product and follow the precautions to prevent any mishaps.
Last Words
The rise while using a profiling drill is caused by many geometric and operational variables that you have studied in this writeup. However, the most important variable is drilling speed, which causes damage to nearby tissues when the force and drilling time increase. So, as a dentist, one should be careful about the temperature, speed, and force exerted on the drill.
To avoid any mishap during treatment, buy a high-quality implant abutment drill and other surgical equipment. Moreover, compare the products, their qualities, and price factors before purchasing.
Hopefully, you have found this article helpful in preventing any complications while using a bone profiling drill for treatments.
